R:
R28:
R28D:	INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
R28D1/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
R28D1/02:	. with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
R28D1/02A:	. . Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
R28D1/02A4:	. . . for heating or cooling a liquid in a tank
R28D1/02A6:	. . . for immersion in a natural body of water, e.g. marine radiators
R28D1/02B:	. . with an intermediate heat-transfer medium, e.g. thermosiphon radiators
R28D1/02C:	. . with air flow channels
R28D1/02C2:	. . . with an air driving element
R28D1/02E:	. . heat-exchange elements having several adjacent conduits forming a whole, e.g. blocks
R28D1/02F:	. . the heat-exchange conduits being immersed in a tank containing the large body of fluid
R28D1/02Z:	. . Particular components
R28D1/02Z4:	. . . Cores
R28D1/02Z4B:	. . . . Particular core assemblies, e.g. having different orientations or having different geometric features
R28D1/02Z4C:	. . . . having special shape, e.g. curved, annular
R28D1/02Z4D:	. . . . with empty spaces or with additional elements integrated into the cores
R28D1/02Z6:	. . . Radiating plates; Decorative panels
R28D1/02Z6B:	. . . . with grooves for integration of conduits
R28D1/03:	. . with plate-like or laminated conduits
R28D1/03F:	. . . the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
R28D1/03F2:	. . . . Assemblies of conduits in parallel
R28D1/03F4:	. . . . the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
R28D1/03F4B:	. . . . . the plates having integrated connecting members
R28D1/03F4B2:	. . . . . . with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
R28D1/03F6:	. . . . with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
R28D1/03H:	. . . the conduits being formed by bent plates
R28D1/03K:	. . . the conduits being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
R28D1/03K4:	. . . . the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
R28D1/03K6:	. . . . with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
R28D1/03L:	. . . a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
R28D1/04:	. . with tubular conduits
R28D1/047:	. . . the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
R28D1/047B:	. . . . the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
R28D1/047D:	. . . . the conduits being helically or spirally coiled
R28D1/047D2:	. . . . . the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
R28D1/047E:	. . . . the conduits having a single U-bend
R28D1/047E2:	. . . . . the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
R28D1/047F:	. . . . the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
R28D1/047F2:	. . . . . the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
R28D1/04E:	. . . Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
R28D1/04E2:	. . . . with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating/cooling the heat exchange medium at different temperatures
R28D1/04E4:	. . . . with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
R28D1/04E4C:	. . . . . Combination of units extending one behind the other
R28D1/04E4D:	. . . . . Combination of units extending one beside or one above the other
R28D1/04E4E:	. . . . . Combination of units extending one behind the other with units extending one beside or one above the other
R28D1/04E6:	. . . . Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
R28D1/053:	. . . the conduits being straight
R28D1/053B:	. . . . Assemblies of conduits connected side by side or with individual headers, e.g. section type radiators
R28D1/053C:	. . . . Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
R28D1/053C4:	. . . . . with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D1/053C6:	. . . . . with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
R28D1/053C8:	. . . . . with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
R28D1/053E:	. . . . the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
R28D1/053E4:	. . . . . Assemblies of conduits connected side by side or with individual headers, e.g. section type radiators
R28D1/053E6:	. . . . . Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
R28D1/053E6B:	. . . . . . with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D1/053E6C:	. . . . . . with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
R28D1/053E6D:	. . . . . . with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
R28D1/06:	. with the heat-exchange conduits forming part of, or being attached to, the tank containing the body of fluid
R28D3/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
R28D3/02:	. with tubular conduits
R28D3/04:	. Distributing arrangements
R28D5/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
R28D5/02:	. in which the evaporating medium flows in a continuous film or trickles freely over the conduits
R28D7/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
R28D7/00B:	. the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
R28D7/00B2:	. . the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being bent
R28D7/00B4:	. . the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes
R28D7/00B4B:	. . . the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being bent
R28D7/00D:	. the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
R28D7/00F:	. the conduits for only one medium being tubes having bent portions or being assembled from bent tubes or being tubes having a toroidal configuratio
R28D7/00H:	. the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
R28D7/00K:	. Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
R28D7/00K2:	. . [N: with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the same heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating or cooling the same heat exchange medium at different temperatures]
R28D7/00K4:	. . [N: with units having particular arrangement relative to a supplementary heat exchange medium, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent units arranged in common flow of supplementary heat exchange medium]
R28D7/00K4C:	. . . [N: the supplementary medium flowing in serie through the units]
R28D7/02:	. the conduits being helically coiled
R28D7/02C:	. . the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
R28D7/02D:	. . the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
R28D7/02E:	. . the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled and formed by bent members, e.g. plates, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
R28D7/02F:	. . the conduits of at least one medium being helically coiled, the coils having a conical configuration
R28D7/04:	. . the conduits being spirally coiled
R28D7/06:	. the conduits having a single U-bend
R28D7/08:	. the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
R28D7/08B:	. . [N: with serpentine or zig-zag configuration]
R28D7/08B2:	. . . [N: in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions]
R28D7/08B2A:	. . . . [N: assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane]
R28D7/10:	. the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
R28D7/10E:	. . consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduit
R28D7/10F:	. . consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
R28D7/12:	. . the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
R28D7/14:	. . both tubes being bent
R28D7/16:	. the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
R28D7/16C:	. . with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D7/16D:	. . the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange mediu
R28D7/16D2:	. . . with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D7/16F:	. . with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in serie or parallel and arranged inside common casing
R28D7/16F2:	. . . with particular pattern of flow or the heat exchange medium flowing inside the conduits assemblies, e.g. change of flow direction from one conduit assembly to another on
R28D7/16F2B:	. . . . with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange medium flowing outside the conduit assemblies, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D7/16F4:	. . . the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
R28D7/16F4B:	. . . . with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D7/16F6:	. . . the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
R28D7/16F6B:	. . . . with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D7/16H:	. . the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
R28D7/16H2:	. . . with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
R28D9/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
R28D9/00B:	. the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
R28D9/00D:	. the apparatus having an annular form
R28D9/00D2:	. . without any annular circulation of the heat exchange media
R28D9/00E:	. the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plate
R28D9/00F:	. the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
R28D9/00F2:	. . the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
R28D9/00F4:	. . the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
R28D9/00F4B:	. . . the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
R28D9/00F4R:	. . . [N: with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside conduits; with centrally arranged openings on the plates]
R28D9/00K:	. the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
R28D9/00K2:	. . with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zone
R28D9/00K4:	. . the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
R28D9/00L:	. the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by a single plate-like element; the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being integrated in one single plate-like element
R28D9/00M:	. with flexible plates
R28D9/00P:	. Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
R28D9/02:	. the heat-exchange media travelling at an angle to one another
R28D9/04:	. the conduits being formed by spirally-wound plates or laminae
R28D11/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduit
R28D11/02:	. the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller
R28D11/02B:	. . Motor car radiators
R28D11/04:	. . performed by a tube or a bundle of tubes
R28D11/06:	. the movement being reciprocating or oscillating
R28D11/08:	. more than one conduit assembly performing independent movements, e.g. rotary bundle of tubes in a rotary drum
R28D13/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer media or bodies
R28D15/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls
R28D15/02:	. in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
R28D15/02A:	. . using moving tubes
R28D15/02B:	. . having particular orientation, e.g. slanted, or being orientation-independent
R28D15/02C:	. . Micro-heat pipes
R28D15/02E:	. . the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
R28D15/02F:	. . the tubes being flexible
R28D15/02H:	. . having non-capillary condensate return means
R28D15/02L:	. . with means to remove contaminants, e.g. getters
R28D15/02M:	. . with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
R28D15/02N:	. . Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
R28D15/02P:	. . Means for filling or sealing heat pipes
R28D15/02T:	. . comprising internal rotor means, e.g. turbine driven by the working fluid
R28D15/04:	. . with tubes having a capillary structure
R28D15/04A:	. . . forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
R28D15/04B:	. . . characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
R28D15/06:	. . Control arrangements therefor
R28D17/00:	Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
R28D17/00B:	. using granular particles
R28D17/02:	. using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
R28D17/02B:	. . Sealing means
R28D17/02C:	. . Bearings; Driving means
R28D17/04:	. Distributing arrangements for the heat-exchange media
R28D19/00:	Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
R28D19/02:	. using granular particles
R28D19/04:	. using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
R28D19/04B:	. . with axial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium
R28D19/04B2:	. . . Rotors; Assemblies of heat absorbing masses
R28D19/04B2B:	. . . . shaped in sector form, e.g. with baskets
R28D19/04C:	. . with radial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium
R28D19/04D:	. . Sealing means
R28D19/04F:	. . Bearings; Driving means
R28D20/00:	Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
R28D20/00A:	. Particular heat storage apparatus
R28D20/00A10:	. . the heat storage material being enclosed in loose or stacked elements
R28D20/00A12:	. . the heat storage material being enclosed in mobile containers for transporting thermal energy
R28D20/00A4:	. . the heat storage material being enclosed in plate-like or laminated elements, e.g. in plates having internal compartments
R28D20/00A6:	. . the heat storage material being enclosed in elements attached to or integral with heat exchange conduits
R28D20/00A8:	. . the heat storage material being enclosed in porous or cellular or fibrous structures (phase-change materials R28D20/02B)
R28D20/00B:	. using thermochemical reactions
R28D20/00C:	. using liquid heat storage material
R28D20/00C10:	. . using molten salts or liquid metals
R28D20/00C2:	. . with stratification of the heat storage material
R28D20/00C4:	. . specially adapted for long-term heat storage; Underground tanks; Floating reservoirs; Pools; Ponds
R28D20/00D:	. using the ground body or aquifers as heat storage medium
R28D20/00E:	. using solid heat storage material
R28D20/00S:	. Heat storage systems not otherwise provided for
R28D20/00T:	. Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
R28D20/00T10:	. . Partitions
R28D20/00T10B:	. . . flexible
R28D20/00T10C:	. . . movable or floating
R28D20/00T4:	. . Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
R28D20/00T4B:	. . . movable
R28D20/00T6:	. . Heat exchanger arrangements
R28D20/00T8:	. . Multiple tanks arrangements, e.g. adjacent tanks, tank in tank
R28D20/02:	. using latent heat
R28D20/02A:	. . the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
R28D20/02B:	. . the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
R28D20/02C:	. . with heat and mass transfer, e.g. with permeable wall
R28D20/02D:	. . the latent heat storage material being in direct contact with a heat-exchange medium or with another heat storage material
R28D20/02E:	. . with different heat storage materials not coming into direct contact
R28D20/02F:	. . Control arrangements therefor
R28D21/00:	Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 to F28D20/00
R28D21/00A:	. [N: Recuperative heat exchangers] [N: WARNING: the groups F28D21/00A-F28D21/00A8 are not complete, pending reorganisation. See also F28D21/00]
R28D21/00A4:	. . [N: the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases (F28D21/00A8 takes precedence)]
R28D21/00A4B:	. . . [N: for domestic or space-heating systems]
R28D21/00A4B4:	. . . . [N: Water heaters]
R28D21/00A4B6:	. . . . [N: Air heaters]
R28D21/00A4E:	. . . [N: for thermal power plants or industrial processes]
R28D21/00A6:	. . [N: the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates]
R28D21/00A8:	. . [N: the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors (for air conditioning F24F12/00B)]
R28D21/00B:	. Water heaters for domestic or space-heating systems, the heat being derived from steam or hot gas, e.g. exhaust gases
R28D21/00C:	. Air heaters for domestic or space-heating systems, the heat being derived from steam or hot gas, e.g. exhaust gases
R28D21/00D:	. with heat and mass transfer, e.g. with permeable wall
R28D21/00F:	. [N: Flooded core heat exchangers (in large body of fluid F28D1/02A)]
R28D21/00T:	. Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
R28D21/00T10:	. . for aircrafts or cosmonautics (air-treatment for aircraft B64D13/00, temperature control of cosmonautic vehicles B64G1/50)
R28D21/00T100:	. . for engine or machine cooling systems (for vehicles R28D21/00T260R6; marine radiators R28D1/02A6)
R28D21/00T110:	. . for foodstuffs
R28D21/00T120:	. . for fuel cells (heat exchange in fuel cell H01M8/04B)
R28D21/00T130:	. . for granular materials (fluidised beds F28D13/00)
R28D21/00T140:	. . for hydrogen or other compressed gas storage tanks
R28D21/00T150:	. . for lubricants, e.g. oil coolers (for vehicles R28D21/00T260P)
R28D21/00T160:	. . for medical applications (heating or cooling appliances for medical treatment A61F7/00)
R28D21/00T170:	. . for mixers
R28D21/00T190:	. . for nuclear applications (cooling arrangements for nuclear reactors G21C15/00)
R28D21/00T20:	. . for chemical reactors
R28D21/00T200:	. . for ovens or furnaces (for boilers R28D21/00T30, arrangements for using waste heat in furnaces F27D17/00)
R28D21/00T200C:	. . . for melting materials
R28D21/00T210:	. . for petrochemical plants
R28D21/00T220:	. . for phase-change applications (for refrigerant cycles R28D21/00T230; heat pipes R28D15/02)
R28D21/00T220C:	. . . Condensers (steam or vapour condensers F28B)
R28D21/00T220F:	. . . Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
R28D21/00T220K:	. . . with combined condensation and evaporation
R28D21/00T230:	. . for refrigerant cycles
R28D21/00T230C:	. . . Condensers (for vehicles R28D21/00T260F; for compression systems F25B39/04), cold exchangers for separating constituents of gaseous mixtures F25J3/00B)
R28D21/00T230F:	. . . Evaporators (for vehicles R28D21/00T260K, for compression systems F25B39/02)
R28D21/00T230K:	. . . Gas coolers
R28D21/00T240:	. . for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems (cooling of cracked gas C10G9/00C)
R28D21/00T250:	. . for tempering, e.g. with cooling or heating circuits for temperature control of elements
R28D21/00T250C:	. . . in the form of cooling walls
R28D21/00T260:	. . for vehicles (for aircrafts R28D21/00T10)
R28D21/00T260C:	. . . Charged air coolers (cooling of air intake supply F02B29/04)
R28D21/00T260F:	. . . Condensers
R28D21/00T260K:	. . . Evaporators
R28D21/00T260M:	. . . Fuel coolers (apparatus for cooling fuel on vehicles F02M31/20)
R28D21/00T260P:	. . . Oil coolers (heating or cooling lubricants in vehicles F01M5/00)
R28D21/00T260R:	. . . Radiators
R28D21/00T260R4:	. . . . with particular location on vehicle, e.g. under floor or on roof
R28D21/00T260R6:	. . . . for recooling the engine coolant (arrangements of liquid-to-air heat exchangers on vehicles F01P3/18)
R28D21/00T260R8:	. . . . for space heating (for air-conditioning in vehicles B60H1/00F)
R28D21/00T280:	. . for viscous or semi-liquid materials, e.g. for processing sludge (for foodstuffs R28D21/00T110)
R28D21/00T30:	. . for combustion apparatus, e.g. for boilers
R28D21/00T40:	. . for combustion engines, e.g. for gas turbines or for Stirling engines (engine cooling systems R28D21/00T100)
R28D21/00T50:	. . for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices (for cooling semiconductors H01L23/34, for cooling electric apparatus H05K7/20)
R28D21/00T50C:	. . . Heat sinks
R28D21/00T50F:	. . . Radiators for recooling a coolant of cooling systems
R28D21/00T70:	. . for cryogenic applications (air separation F25J3/04, cold heat exchange systems F25J1/02Z4H)
R28D21/00T80:	. . for domestic or space heating, e.g. heating radiators (for vehicles R28D21/00T260R8)
R28D21/00T80C:	. . . Radiators for drying, e.g. towel radiators
R28D21/00T90:	. . for drying or dehumidifying gases or vapours (by refrigeration B01D53/26D)