Y:	GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y02:	TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
Y02E:	REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG] EMISSION, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E10/00:	Energy generation through renewable energy sources
Y02E10/10:	. Geothermal energy
Y02E10/12:	. . Earth coil heat exchangers
Y02E10/12B:	. . . Compact tube assemblies, e.g. geothermal probes
Y02E10/14:	. . Systems injecting medium directly into ground, e.g. hot dry rock system, underground water
Y02E10/16:	. . Systems injecting medium into a closed well
Y02E10/18:	. . Systems exchanging heat with fluids in pipes, e.g. fresh water or waste water
Y02E10/20:	. Hydro energy
Y02E10/22:	. . Conventional, e.g. with dams, turbines and waterwheels
Y02E10/22B:	. . . Turbines or waterwheels, e.g. details of the rotor
Y02E10/22D:	. . . Other parts or details
Y02E10/28:	. . Tidal stream or damless hydropower, e.g. sea flood and ebb, river, stream
Y02E10/30:	. Energy from sea (tidal stream Y02E10/28) (not used; see subgroups)
Y02E10/32:	. . Oscillating water column [OWC]
Y02E10/34:	. . Ocean thermal energy conversion [OTEC]
Y02E10/36:	. . Salinity gradient
Y02E10/38:	. . Wave energy or tidal swell, e.g. Pelamis-type
Y02E10/40:	. Solar thermal energy
Y02E10/41:	. . Tower concentrators
Y02E10/42:	. . Dish collectors
Y02E10/43:	. . Fresnel lenses
Y02E10/44:	. . Heat exchange systems
Y02E10/45:	. . Trough concentrators
Y02E10/46:	. . Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling solar thermal engines
Y02E10/46U:	. . . Thermal updraft
Y02E10/47:	. . Mountings or tracking
Y02E10/48:	. . Mechanical power, e.g. thermal updraft
Y02E10/50:	. Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Y02E10/52:	. . PV systems with concentrators
Y02E10/54:	. . Material technologies (not used; see subgroups)
Y02E10/54B:	. . . CuInSe2 material PV cells
Y02E10/54D:	. . . Dye sensitized solar cells
Y02E10/54F:	. . . Solar cells from Group II-VI materials
Y02E10/54H:	. . . Solar cells from Group III-V materials
Y02E10/54J:	. . . Microcrystalline silicon PV cells
Y02E10/54L:	. . . Polycrystalline silicon PV cells
Y02E10/54M:	. . . Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
Y02E10/54N:	. . . Amorphous silicon PV cells
Y02E10/54P:	. . . organic PV cells
Y02E10/56:	. . Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Y02E10/56B:	. . . for grid-connected applications
Y02E10/56D:	. . . concerning power management inside the plant , e.g. battery charging/discharging, economical operation, hybridisation with other energy sources
Y02E10/58:	. . . Maximum power point tracking [MPPT] systems
Y02E10/60:	. Thermal-PV hybrids
Y02E10/70:	. Wind energy
Y02E10/72:	. . Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Y02E10/72B:	. . . Blades or rotors
Y02E10/72D:	. . . Components or gearbox
Y02E10/72F:	. . . Control of turbines
Y02E10/72H:	. . . Generator or configuration
Y02E10/72J:	. . . Nacelles
Y02E10/72L:	. . . Offshore towers
Y02E10/72N:	. . . Onshore towers
Y02E10/74:	. . Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Y02E10/76:	. . Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Y02E10/76B:	. . . for grid-connected applications
Y02E10/76D:	. . . concerning power management inside the plant, e.g. battery charging/discharging, economical operation, hybridisation with other energy sources
Y02E20/00:	Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
Y02E20/10:	. Combined combustion (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E20/12:	. . Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Y02E20/14:	. . Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
Y02E20/16:	. . Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
Y02E20/18:	. . . Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
Y02E20/18B:	. . . . combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Y02E20/30:	. Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E20/32:	. . Direct CO2 mitigation (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E20/32B:	. . . Use of synair, i.e. a mixture of recycled CO2 and pure O2
Y02E20/32D:	. . . Use of reactants before or during combustion
Y02E20/32F:	. . . Segregation from fumes, including use of reactants downstream from combustion or deep cooling
Y02E20/32H:	. . . Controls of combustion specifically inferring on CO2 emissions
Y02E20/34:	. . Indirect CO2 mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2 directly related matters of the process, e.g. more efficient use of fuels (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E20/34B:	. . . Cold flame
Y02E20/34D:	. . . Oxyfuel combustion
Y02E20/34F:	. . . Unmixed combustion
Y02E20/34H:	. . . Air pre-heating
Y02E20/36:	. . Heat recovery other than air pre-heating
Y02E20/36B:	. . . at fumes level
Y02E20/36D:	. . . at burner level
Y02E30/00:	Energy generation of nuclear origin
Y02E30/10:	. Fusion reactors
Y02E30/12:	. . Magnetic plasma confinement [MPC]
Y02E30/12B:	. . . Tokamaks
Y02E30/12D:	. . . Stellarators
Y02E30/12F:	. . . Other reactors with MPC
Y02E30/12H:	. . . First wall, divertor, blanket
Y02E30/14:	. . Inertial plasma confinement
Y02E30/16:	. . . Injection systems and targets
Y02E30/18:	. . Low temperature fusion, e.g. "cold fusion"
Y02E30/30:	. Nuclear fission reactors
Y02E30/31:	. . Boiling water reactors
Y02E30/32:	. . Pressurized water reactors
Y02E30/33:	. . Gas cooled reactors
Y02E30/34:	. . Fast breeder reactors
Y02E30/35:	. . Liquid metal reactors
Y02E30/36:	. . Pebble bed reactors
Y02E30/37:	. . Accelerator driven reactors
Y02E30/38:	. . Fuel
Y02E30/39:	. . Control of nuclear reactions
Y02E30/40:	. . Other aspects relating to nuclear fission
Y02E40/00:	Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
Y02E40/10:	. Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
Y02E40/12:	. . Static VAR compensators [SVC], static VAR generators [SVG] or static VAR systems [SVS], including thyristor-controlled reactors [TCR], thyristor-switched reactors [TSR] or thyristor-switched capacitors [TSC]
Y02E40/14:	. . Thyristor-controlled series capacitors [TCSC]
Y02E40/16:	. . Static synchronous compensators [STATCOM]
Y02E40/18:	. . Unified power flow controllers [UPF] or controlled series voltage compensators
Y02E40/20:	. Active power filtering [APF] (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E40/22:	. . Non-specified or voltage-fed active power filters
Y02E40/24:	. . Current-fed active power filters
Y02E40/26:	. . using a multilevel or multicell converter
Y02E40/30:	. Reactive power compensation (Y02E40/10, Y02E40/20 take precedence)
Y02E40/32:	. . using synchronous generators
Y02E40/34:	. . for voltage regulation
Y02E40/40:	. Arrangements for reducing harmonics (Y02E40/10 to Y02E40/30 take precedence)
Y02E40/50:	. Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
Y02E40/60:	. Superconducting electric elements or equipment or power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Y02E40/62:	. . Superconducting generators
Y02E40/62B:	. . . Superconducting synchronous generators
Y02E40/62B2:	. . . . with a superconducting rotor
Y02E40/62D:	. . . Superconducting homopolar generators
Y02E40/64:	. . Superconducting transmission lines or power lines or cables or installations thereof
Y02E40/64B:	. . . characterised by their form
Y02E40/64B2:	. . . . Films or wires on bases or cores
Y02E40/64B4:	. . . . Multifilaments embedded in normal conductors
Y02E40/64D:	. . . characterised by the disposition of thermal insulation
Y02E40/64F:	. . . characterised by cooling
Y02E40/64H:	. . . Installation of superconducting cables or lines
Y02E40/66:	. . Superconducting transformers or inductors
Y02E40/67:	. . Superconducting energy storage for power networks, e.g. SME, superconducting magnetic storage
Y02E40/68:	. . Protective or switching arrangements for superconducting elements or equipment
Y02E40/69:	. . Current limitation using superconducting elements, including multifunctional current limiters
Y02E40/70:	. Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of electrical power generation, transmission or distribution, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector (smart grids relating to the energy generation sector in general, including the technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S10/00) [N: not used, see subgroups]
Y02E40/72:	. . Systems characterised by the monitoring, control or operation of energy generation units, e.g. distributed generation [DER] or load-side generation
Y02E40/74:	. . Systems characterised by the monitoring, control or operation of flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
Y02E40/76:	. . Computing methods or systems for efficient or low carbon management or operation of electric power systems
Y02E50/00:	Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
Y02E50/10:	. Biofuels
Y02E50/11:	. . CHP turbines for biofeed
Y02E50/12:	. . Gas turbines for biofeed
Y02E50/13:	. . Bio-diesel
Y02E50/14:	. . Bio-pyrolysis
Y02E50/15:	. . Torrefaction of biomass
Y02E50/16:	. . Cellulosic bio-ethanol
Y02E50/17:	. . Grain bio-ethanol
Y02E50/18:	. . Bio-alcohols produced by other means than fermentation
Y02E50/30:	. Fuel from waste
Y02E50/32:	. . Synthesis of alcohols or diesel from waste including a pyrolysis and/or gasification step
Y02E50/34:	. . Methane (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E50/34B:	. . . production by fermentation of organic by-products, e.g. sludge
Y02E50/34D:	. . . from landfill gas
Y02E60/00:	Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Y02E60/10:	. Energy storage (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E60/12:	. . Battery technology
Y02E60/12B:	. . . Lithium-ion batteries
Y02E60/12D:	. . . Alkaline secondary batteries, e.g. NiCd or NiMH
Y02E60/12F:	. . . Lead-acid batteries
Y02E60/12H:	. . . Hybrid cells
Y02E60/13:	. . Ultracapacitors, supercapacitors, double-layer capacitors
Y02E60/14:	. . Thermal storage (empty, covered by subgroups)
Y02E60/14B:	. . . Sensible heat storage
Y02E60/14D:	. . . Latent heat storage
Y02E60/14F:	. . . Cold storage
Y02E60/15:	. . Pressurised fluid storage
Y02E60/16:	. . Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels
Y02E60/17:	. . Pumped storage
Y02E60/30:	. Hydrogen technology (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E60/32:	. . Hydrogen storage
Y02E60/32B:	. . . Storage of liquefied, solidified, or compressed hydrogen in containers
Y02E60/32D:	. . . Storage in caverns
Y02E60/32F:	. . . Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium
Y02E60/32F2:	. . . . the medium being carbon
Y02E60/32F4:	. . . . the medium being a metal or rare earth metal, an intermetallic compound or a metal alloy
Y02E60/32F6:	. . . . the medium being an organic compound or a solution thereof
Y02E60/34:	. . Hydrogen distribution
Y02E60/36:	. . Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources
Y02E60/36B:	. . . by chemical reaction with metal hydrides, e.g. hydrolysis of metal borohydrides
Y02E60/36D:	. . . by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. splitting of water other than electrolysis, ammonia borane, ammonia
Y02E60/36F:	. . . by electrolysis of water
Y02E60/36F2:	. . . . by photo-electrolysis
Y02E60/50:	. Fuel cells
Y02E60/52:	. . characterised by type or design
Y02E60/52B:	. . . Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells [PEMFC]
Y02E60/52B2:	. . . . Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells [DAFC]
Y02E60/52B2B:	. . . . . Direct Methanol Fuel Cells [DMFC]
Y02E60/52D:	. . . Solid Oxide Fuel Cells [SOFC]
Y02E60/52F:	. . . Molten Carbobate Fuel Cells [MCFC]
Y02E60/52H:	. . . Bio Fuel Cells
Y02E60/52J:	. . . Regenerative or indirect fuel cells, e.g. redox flow type batteries
Y02E60/54:	. . specially adapted for a certain application
Y02E60/54B:	. . . Stationary systems, e.g. emergency power sources
Y02E60/54D:	. . . Transport applications, e.g. automobile, bus, ship
Y02E60/54F:	. . . Portable applications, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
Y02E60/56:	. . integrally combined with other energy production systems
Y02E60/56B:	. . . Cogeneration of electricity with other electric generators
Y02E60/56D:	. . . Cogeneration of heat, e.g. hot water, steam
Y02E60/56F:	. . . Cogeneration of mechanical energy, e.g. integral combination of fuel cells and electric motors
Y02E60/56H:	. . . Production of chemical products inside the fuel cell; incomplete combustion
Y02E60/60:	. Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via a high-tension DC link, HVDC transmission
Y02E60/70:	. Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies mediating in the improvement of the carbon footprint of electrical power generation, transmission or distribution, i.e. smart grids as enabling technology in the energy generation sector (smart grids relating to the energy generation sector in general, including the technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S10/00) [N: not used, see subgroups]
Y02E60/72:	. . Systems characterised by the monitored, controlled or operated power network elements or equipments [N: not used, see subgroups]
Y02E60/72B:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving electricity based vehicles, i.e. power aggregation of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV] (remote or cooperative charging Y02T90/16F2; details associated with the interoperability in the section of transportation, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing Y02T90/16F4)
Y02E60/72D:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving energy storage units (for systems comprising uninterruptible power supplies or standby generators Y04S20/12)
Y02E60/72F:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving electric power substations
Y02E60/72H:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers, e.g. intelligent electronic devices [IED]
Y02E60/72J:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving protection elements, arrangements or systems
Y02E60/72L:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving voltage regulating units
Y02E60/72N:	. . . the elements or equipments being or involving measuring units
Y02E60/72N2:	. . . . the elements or equipments being or involving phasor measuring units [PMU]
Y02E60/74:	. . Systems characterised by state monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
Y02E60/76:	. . Computer aided design [CAD]; Simulation; Modelling
Y02E60/78:	. . Communication technology specific aspects (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E60/78B:	. . . Details of the transmission structure or support between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment (not used, see subgroups)
Y02E60/78B2:	. . . . using the power network as support for the transmission
Y02E60/78B2B:	. . . . . using pulsed signals
Y02E60/78B2D:	. . . . . using modification of a parameter of the network power signal
Y02E60/78B4:	. . . . using a data transmission bus
Y02E60/78B6:	. . . . using phone lines
Y02E60/78B8:	. . . . using wireless data transmission
Y02E60/78B8B:	. . . . . By means of mobile telephony
Y02E60/78B9:	. . . . using Internet
Y02E60/78C:	. . . Aspects related to the treatment or conditioning of data or signals [N: not used, see subgroups]
Y02E60/78C2:	. . . . Associated with communication via dedicated transmission supports
Y02E60/78C4:	. . . . Associated with communication via power transmission network
Y02E70/00:	Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
Y02E70/10:	. Hydrogen from electrolysis with energy of non-fossil origin, e.g. PV, wind power, nuclear
Y02E70/20:	. Systems combining fuel cells with production of fuel of non-fossil origin
Y02E70/30:	. Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Y02E70/40:	. Energy efficient batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors charging or discharging systems or methods, e.g. auxiliary power consumption reduction, resonant chargers or dischargers, resistive losses minimisation
Y02E70/42:	. . specially adapted for vehicles
Y02E70/44:	. . specially adapted for portable applications